ADVANCED PERSPECTIVES ON SEMANTIC EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION: MECHANISMS AND IMPLICATIONS

Abstract

This article explores the processes of semantic broadening and narrowing, which contribute to the evolution of word meanings over time. Various linguistic mechanisms, including metaphorical extension, generalization, specialization, and sociocultural influences, shape these changes. By drawing upon comparative studies, historical linguistics, and pragmatic theories, this study highlights key factors influencing lexical shifts and their implications for language development. Additionally, the article examines cross-linguistic variations in semantic change and their impact on communication and cognition. The findings suggest that semantic changes are closely linked to cognitive processes, cultural adaptations, and technological advancements.