XITOYNING YUMSHOQ KUCH SIYOSATI: VOSITALARI, STRATEGIYASI VA GLOBAL TA’SIRI
Abstract
XXI asr global geosiyosatida davlatlarning ta’sir kuchi nafaqat harbiy va iqtisodiy imkoniyatlar bilan, balki madaniy, axborot va diplomatik vositalar orqali ham belgilanmoqda. Bu omillar majmuasi “yumshoq kuch” (soft power) tushunchasi bilan izohlanadi. Ushbu atama amerikalik siyosatshunos Jozef Nay tomonidan 1990-yillarda ilmiy muomalaga kiritilgan bo‘lib, u yumshoq kuchni “boshqalarni o‘z xohishiga ko‘niktirish uchun harbiy bosim va iqtisodiy majburlov o‘rniga jalb etish, madaniyat, qadriyatlar va siyosiy ideal orqali ta’sir ko‘rsatish qobiliyati” sifatida ta’riflagan. Bugungi kunda aynan shu strategiyaga katta e’tibor qaratayotgan davlatlardan biri bu – Xitoy Xalq Respublikasi hisoblanadi. Mazkur davlat so‘nggi ikki o‘n yillikda o‘zining xalqaro ta’sir doirasini nafaqat iqtisodiy va harbiy salohiyati, balki yumshoq kuch vositalari orqali ham keskin kengaytirmoqda. Ushbu maqolada Xitoyning yumshoq kuch siyosati, uning asosiy vositalari, strategik yo‘nalishlari va global ta’siri atroflicha tahlil qilinadi[1].
[1] Nye, Joseph S. Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics. New York: PublicAffairs, 2004
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References
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