GISTOLOGIK DIFFERENSIAL TASHXIS ORQALI SARATON HUJAYRALARINI ANIQLASH METODLARI
Keywords:
saraton, gistologik tashxis, differensial tashxis, immunogistokimyo, molekulyar diagnostika, sitokeratin, limfomaAbstract
Saraton kasalliklarini aniqlashda gistopatologik tahlil asosiy diagnostik vositalardan biri hisoblanadi. Ushbu maqolada o‘smaga xos gistologik belgilar — yadro va sitoplazma morfologiyasi, mitotik faollik, hamda to‘qima strukturasidagi o‘zgarishlar — asosida saraton hujayralarini farqlash yondashuvlari yoritiladi. Karsinoma, sarkoma, limfoma/leykemiya va neyroektodermal o‘smalarning morfologik farqlari batafsil ko‘rib chiqiladi. Shuningdek, sitokeratinlar, S100, CD markerlar kabi gistokimyoviy bo‘yoqlar va molekulyar usullar — PCR, NGS, FISH — ning diagnostik ahamiyati tahlil qilinadi. Amaliyotda uchraydigan klinik holatlar misolida differensial tashxisni aniq qo‘yishning ahamiyati ochib beriladi. Tahlil natijalari vizual materiallar va diagnostik jadvallar yordamida boyitilgan. Maqola saraton hujayralarini yuqori aniqlikda ajratib ko‘rsatish orqali davolash strategiyasi va prognozning ishonchliligini oshirish zarurligini asoslaydi.
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