FACIAL NERVE PALSY DUE TO BIRTH TRAUMA
Keywords:
Facial nerve palsy, Birth trauma, Neonatal facial paralysis, Cranial nerve VII injury, Forceps delivery,Macrosomia, Prolonged labor, Neonatal nerve injury.Abstract
Facial nerve palsy due to birth trauma is a condition characterized by weakness or paralysis of the facial muscles in a newborn, resulting from injury to the facial nerve [cranial nerve VII] during delivery. It is commonly associated with mechanical pressure on the nerve, prolonged labor, macrosomia, forceps-assisted delivery, and malposition of the fetus. Clinically, it presents as facial asymmetry, inability to close the eye, and absence of movement on the affected side when crying. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, though electromyography [EMG] and imaging may be used in atypical cases. Management is largely conservative, with spontaneous resolution occurring in most cases within weeks to months. Supportive care, including eye protection and physiotherapy, may be needed in prolonged cases. The prognosis is generally favorable, with complete recovery expected in the majority of affected infants.
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References
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