THE IMPACT OF MOTHER TONGUE ON LEARNING ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE

Abstract

This research paper explores the influence of a learner’s mother tongue on acquiring English as a second language (ESL). It discusses how linguistic and cultural aspects of the native language affect pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary, and overall language proficiency. The paper examines key linguistic theories, including the Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis (CAH), Interlanguage Theory, and Error Analysis, to explain language interference and transfer. Additionally, it highlights common challenges faced by ESL learners, such as phonological difficulties, grammatical errors, and vocabulary limitations. Practical solutions, including translanguaging, bilingual education, and targeted phonetic training, are proposed to enhance language learning. The study also considers the socio-political implications of language policies on ESL education. Through a comprehensive analysis, this paper aims to provide insights into effective teaching strategies that acknowledge and utilize the mother tongue's influence to facilitate English acquisition.