PRINCIPLES OF TEACHING LISTENING FOR EFL LEARNERS
Keywords:
Listening is a foundational skill in language acquisition, yet it is often undervalued in many EFL (English as a Foreign Language) classrooms.Abstract
This article explores five key principles in teaching listening to EFL (English as a Foreign Language) learners: listening as an active process, the use of authentic input, strategy instruction, the three-stage listening framework (pre-, while-, post-listening), and fostering learner autonomy. It emphasizes that listening is a complex, interactive skill that requires both cognitive and metacognitive engagement. By incorporating authentic materials, teaching listening strategies, and encouraging independent practice, educators can significantly improve learners’ listening proficiency and confidence. The article highlights the importance of structured, meaningful, and student-centered listening instruction in EFL contexts.
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References
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• Vandergrift, L. (1999). Facilitating second language listening comprehension: Acquiring successful strategies. ELT Journal, 53(3), 168–176.
• Vandergrift, L., & Goh, C. (2012). Teaching and Learning Second Language Listening: Metacognition in Action. Routledge.
• Field, J. (2008). Listening in the Language Classroom. Cambridge University Press.
