THE ROLE OF TROPONIN BIOMARKERS IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND PROGNOSIS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Keywords:
This study aims to systematically analyze the diagnostic and prognostic significance of troponin biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases. Specifically, we evaluate: The effectiveness of hs-cTnT and hs-cTnI in the early detection of myocardial infarction. The prognostic value of troponin elevations in heart failure and chronic ischemic heart disease. The impact of troponin testing in diabetic patients with cardiovascular risk. The limitations and clinical challenges associated with troponin biomarker interpretation.Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, accounting for approximately 18 million deaths per year (WHO, 2023). Myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failure (HF) are among the most critical manifestations of CVDs, requiring rapid and accurate biomarker-based diagnosis. Cardiac troponins, particularly troponin T (cTnT) and troponin I (cTnI), have emerged as gold-standard biomarkers for detecting myocardial injury and assessing long-term prognosis in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). Recent advancements in high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTnT and hs-cTnI) assays have revolutionized cardiovascular diagnostics by enabling the early detection of myocardial infarction, even at subclinical levels. However, the clinical application of troponin testing remains complex due to variations in troponin release kinetics, false-positive results in non-cardiac conditions, and the need for serial measurements.
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