TRANSLATING CULTURAL EXPRESSIONS IN “BYGONE DAYS”

Abstract

This article examines the complex challenges encountered by Mark Reese during his fifteen-year effort to translate the Uzbek classic novel O‘tkan Kunlar by Abdulla Qodiriy into English. It highlights the cultural, linguistic, historical, and political nuances embedded within the novel, requiring sensitive and creative translation strategies. Special attention is given to the translation of religious terms, traditional architecture, material culture, food and drink names, and character descriptions, all of which carry deep cultural meanings. The article also discusses how Reese preserved the authenticity of Qodiriy’s original language, including the use of street language (ko‘cha tili), and his thoughtful approach to maintaining both linguistic fidelity and reader accessibility.